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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
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Recurrence Rate After Post-Operative Two-Hour Continuous Bladder Irrigation for Primary Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder

Patrick Sterner1,2, Sanna Gimbergsson3, Markus Johansson4

  • 1Centre for Clinical Research Västmanland, Uppsala University, 72189 Västerås, Sweden.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Continuous sterile water bladder irrigation (CSWBI) after bladder cancer surgery did not significantly lower recurrence rates. This study found no significant difference in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer recurrence between patients who received CSWBI and those who did not.

Keywords:
local neoplasm recurrencenon-randomized controlled trialsnon–muscle-invasive bladder cancerpersonalized treatmentretrospective studiestherapeutic irrigationurinary bladder neoplasms

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has high recurrence rates, posing a clinical challenge.
  • Current post-operative treatments for NMIBC are underutilized, necessitating alternative strategies.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are crucial due to bladder cancer's variable prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of post-operative two-hour continuous sterile water bladder irrigation (CSWBI) in reducing NMIBC recurrence.
  • To assess the safety and adverse effects associated with CSWBI.
  • To determine if CSWBI can be a valuable addition to the treatment of bladder cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) between 2014 and 2022.
  • Inclusion of primary NMIBC cases, excluding muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and carcinoma in situ (CIS).
  • Comparison of recurrence rates within 12 months between a control group (pre-CSWBI) and an intervention group (post-CSWBI).

Main Results:

  • A total of 168 patients were analyzed (90 control, 78 intervention).
  • The 12-month recurrence rate was 27% for the CSWBI group versus 21% for the control group (p=0.4).
  • CSWBI showed no statistically significant impact on NMIBC recurrence (OR 1.25, p=0.6) and had limited, comparable adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Post-operative two-hour CSWBI did not significantly reduce NMIBC recurrence within twelve months in this cohort.
  • The safety profile of CSWBI was acceptable, with no significant increase in adverse events.
  • Further research may be needed to explore alternative or adjunctive therapies for managing NMIBC recurrence.