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Assessing Strength Asymmetries with Rotational Inertial Technology: Exercise-Specific Patterns and Temporal Changes

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Inter-limb power asymmetries in soccer players vary significantly across different strength exercises and movement phases. Eccentric (ECC) phases generally show greater asymmetries than concentric (CON) phases, particularly in knee-dominant movements.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Analysis

Background:

  • Inter-limb asymmetries are common in soccer players and crucial for performance monitoring.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding asymmetry expression across various flywheel exercises, movement phases (concentric/eccentric), and longitudinal changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare inter-limb power asymmetry magnitudes across unilateral flywheel exercises and between concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) phases.
  • To describe changes in these asymmetries over an 8-week training period in professional soccer players, stratified by baseline asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Observational and descriptive study design.
  • Twenty-one professional male soccer players underwent two testing sessions eight weeks apart.
  • Six unilateral flywheel exercises (quadriceps, hamstrings, adductors, abductors) were performed, analyzing peak and mean power in CON and ECC phases.

Main Results:

  • Eccentric (ECC) asymmetries were generally greater than concentric (CON) asymmetries, with peak power in knee-dominant quadriceps (27.60%) and hamstrings (24.01%) showing the largest ECC values.
  • Exercise-specific asymmetry patterns were observed, with weak associations between different exercises.
  • Players with higher baseline asymmetry (≥10%) showed reduced asymmetries at follow-up, particularly in ECC measures, while those with lower baseline asymmetry (<10%) remained stable or slightly increased.

Conclusions:

  • Inter-limb power asymmetries in soccer players are specific to the movement phase (ECC > CON) and the exercise performed.
  • These findings highlight the importance of phase- and exercise-specific monitoring of asymmetries using flywheel technology in professional soccer.
  • Observed longitudinal changes should be interpreted cautiously due to potential regression to the mean and measurement variability.