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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Barnes Maze Testing Strategies with Small and Large Rodent Models

Published on: February 26, 2014

Age-Related Differences in Short Term Spatial Memory in Rhesus Macaques.

Lili R Lurye¹, Daniel L Smith^1,2, William A Liguore¹

¹Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.

American Journal of Primatology

|April 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Middle-aged macaques show declines in spatial working memory and cognitive flexibility. This study refines a task to better measure age-related memory deficits in rhesus macaques.

Keywords:

aging learning rhesus macaque short‐term spatial memory

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Primatology

Background:

Previous research identified working memory deficits in very old macaques compared to younger ones.
Middle-aged macaques (14-19 years) have not been thoroughly assessed for working memory performance.
Understanding age-related cognitive changes is crucial for primate welfare and research.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a high-throughput adaptation of the delayed response task for assessing spatial working memory in middle-aged macaques.
To compare working memory performance across a wide age range of rhesus macaques (7-27 years).
To identify age-dependent cognitive differences, including learning and perseveration.

Main Methods:

A manual 3-choice delayed response task was administered to male and female rhesus macaques.
Task acquisition used a short 1-second delay, followed by variable delays (5-60s) for memory probing.
A novel method was developed to quantify response distribution and assess perseverative responding.

Main Results:

Retrieval accuracy significantly decreased with both increasing delay length and increasing age.
Age-dependent differences were observed in memory, learning, and perseveration.
The results suggest a decline in cognitive flexibility in older macaques contributes to memory deficits.

Conclusions:

The refined delayed response task provides a sensitive measure of age-related spatial working memory decline.
Cognitive flexibility appears to decrease in late adulthood, impacting memory performance.
This task refinement offers a novel approach to quantifying errors in age-sensitive spatial memory tasks.