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  3. 3d Engineered Dual-redox Zinc-iodine Microbatteries For Intrinsically Safe On-chip Energy Storage.
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  3. 3d Engineered Dual-redox Zinc-iodine Microbatteries For Intrinsically Safe On-chip Energy Storage.

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3D Engineered Dual-Redox Zinc-Iodine Microbatteries for Intrinsically Safe on-Chip Energy Storage.

Nibagani Naresh1, Sanat Nalini Paltasingh2, Yijia Zhu1

  • 1Institute For Materials Discovery, University College London, London, UK.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|April 27, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed advanced zinc-iodine microbatteries (MBs) with dual-redox chemistry for high-capacity, rapid energy storage. These intrinsically safe MBs offer a transformative pathway for integrated microsystems and smart electronics.

Keywords:
3D porous current collectordual‐redox chemistryon‐chip energy storagepolyaniline cathodezinc‐iodine microbattery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Miniaturization of electronics requires compact, safe, high-energy-density microbatteries (MBs).
  • On-chip energy storage faces challenges in achieving high capacity, rapid kinetics, and scalability simultaneously.
  • Existing zinc-ion MBs have limitations in performance and charge storage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop advanced zinc-iodine (Zn//I2) microbatteries (MBs) with enhanced performance.
  • To exploit synergistic dual-redox chemistry for improved energy storage.
  • To establish a new design paradigm for intrinsically safe, CMOS-compatible MBs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a synergistic dual-redox chemistry by introducing ZnI2 into a Zn(CF3SO3)2 gel electrolyte.
  • Employed a polyaniline (PANI) micro-cathode, zinc micro-anode, and a 3D porous Au interdigitated current collector.
  • Conducted density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved over 26-fold enhancement in charge storage compared to conventional Zn-ion MBs.
    • Optimized Zn//I2 MBs demonstrated an areal capacity of 314 µAh cm⁻², energy density of 363 µWh cm⁻², and power density of 5385 µW cm⁻².
    • Confirmed strong I-/I3- adsorption on PANI, indicating superior redox hosting and hybrid charge storage.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Zn//I2 MBs offer significantly improved performance through synergistic dual-redox chemistry.
    • This work establishes a new design for intrinsically safe, CMOS-compatible Zn-based MBs.
    • Presents a transformative pathway for on-chip powered integrated microsystems and next-generation smart electronics.