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Enantiomer-Specific Nucleation Phase Selection under Nonequilibrium Optical Trapping.

Wen-Chi Wang1, Qing-Yu Zhang1, Kazuki Okano1,2

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Researchers achieved enantiomer-specific control over crystallization using circularly polarized light. This optical trapping method reverses phase selection in binary systems by manipulating kinetic pathways, not just thermodynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallization science
  • Nonlinear optics
  • Materials chemistry

Background:

  • Controlling crystallization pathways under nonequilibrium conditions is challenging.
  • Optical trapping offers a method to induce and manipulate crystallization.
  • Understanding enantioselective crystallization is crucial for materials design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate enantiomer-specific phase selection in binary crystallization induced by optical trapping.
  • To explore the role of light polarization in controlling crystallization outcomes.
  • To elucidate the kinetic mechanisms governing nonequilibrium crystallization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing optical trapping with circularly polarized light to induce crystallization of acetaminophen and phenylalanine enantiomers.
  • Employing *in situ* Raman spectroscopy to monitor local stoichiometry during irradiation.
  • Analyzing phase selection between a stable cocrystal and a metastable phenylalanine phase.

Main Results:

  • Switching the handedness of circularly polarized light reversed the dominant crystallization product.
  • Raman spectroscopy confirmed no macroscopic concentration gradients, ruling out polarization-induced concentration effects.
  • Phase selection was driven by a polarization-dependent kinetic bias, not thermodynamic stability.

Conclusions:

  • Optical trapping with circularly polarized light enables enantioselective control over crystallization.
  • Kinetic bias, influenced by light polarization and transient cluster dynamics, governs phase selection under nonequilibrium conditions.
  • This work presents a novel kinetic strategy for controlling crystallization beyond traditional thermodynamic approaches.