Gene expression dynamics in wound healing: Comparative analysis between the wound edge and center

Wound healing is a dynamic and spatially heterogeneous process involving coordinated activity across multiple cell types. We analyze a high-resolution porcine wound-healing transcriptomic dataset of 150 samples from wound edges and centers collected across 15 time points (days 0-21). Using correlation-based clustering and gene ontology analysis, we identify major groups of synchronously expressed genes representing immune activity, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, epithelial repair and several tissue-specific clusters. Immune clusters peak on days 1-6 and are consistently higher at the wound center. ECM clusters show early suppression followed by gradual activation in both regions. Epithelial clusters remain high at the wound edge but show a day-1 drop and gradual recovery at the center. Additional hair, muscle and lipid clusters display abrupt, non-smooth patterns driven by sample heterogeneity. A low-dimensional projection of cluster means reveals a "round-trip" healing trajectory in immune-epithelial space. This analysis provides a transcriptomic reference for acute wound healing and highlights the importance of sampling precision in wound transcriptomics.