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Comparing Perceptions of ChatGPT Use in Health Attitude Contexts Among Users and Nonusers: Cross-Sectional Study.
Hessah Al Suwaidan1, Arwa Althumairi1, Saja A Al-Rayes1
1Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots like ChatGPT show potential for health information but raise privacy and reliability concerns. Addressing these issues is crucial for safe integration into healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Health Informatics
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Digital Health
Background:
- The increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is transforming health information access and utilization.
- AI chatbots such as ChatGPT offer immediate health query responses, influencing attitudes and raising privacy, reliability, and security concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the perceived usefulness, risks, anxiety, and social influence of ChatGPT on health attitudes among users and nonusers in Saudi Arabia.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study utilizing an online survey with a validated tool.
- 337 participants aged 18+ completed questions on their perceptions of ChatGPT's impact on health attitudes.
Main Results:
- 76.1% of respondents used ChatGPT, primarily for health education and physical activity guidance.
- Users found ChatGPT useful and easy to use, but expressed concerns regarding privacy (54.7%) and reliability (44.9%).
- Nonusers cited security risks (63.9%) as a barrier, yet found AI tools attractive (68.9%).
Conclusions:
- ChatGPT has potential in health decision-making, but cultural, privacy, and trust issues need addressing for implementation.
- Strengthening AI application security is vital for public acceptance and safe integration into healthcare systems.
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