Electrospinning nanofibers for the treatment of melanoma

Melanoma is an extremely aggressive type of skin tumor. Traditional treatment methods have limitations, such as poor selectivity, high systemic toxicity, and a high recurrence rate. Electrospinning technology has the unique capability of preparing nanofibers. Using this technology, multifunctional smart fiber carriers can be prepared for precise targeting and controlled drug release. This technology has the potential to fundamentally change traditional therapies. It also shows great potential in improving treatment accuracy, reducing systemic toxicity, and preventing disease recurrence. In this review, the fundamental electrospinning technology principles are summarized, and their application as a multifunctional platform for melanoma treatment is discussed. Specific electrospinning nanofiber applications are presented in key areas, including local drug delivery systems, systemic drug administration platforms, and postoperative therapy. This article aims to provide a theoretical reference and design strategies to advance nanofiber-based precision therapy for melanoma.