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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

18
DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
18
Brain Imaging01:14

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Acute Brain Trauma in Mice Followed By Longitudinal Two-photon Imaging
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Longitudinal Multimodal Neuroimaging After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Ana Radanovic1, Keith W Jamison1,2, Yeona Kang3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Human Brain Mapping
|April 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multimodal neuroimaging reveals dynamic changes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery. Structural and functional disruptions converge over time, with compensatory mechanisms emerging in affected brain regions.

Keywords:
flumazenil PETlongitudinal studymultimodal MRItraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term cognitive impairment.
  • Mechanisms of TBI recovery and the relationship between cellular and functional changes are poorly understood.
  • Multimodal neuroimaging offers insights into TBI-related pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally investigate TBI-related pathologies using multimodal neuroimaging.
  • To correlate changes in flumazenil PET binding potential, diffusion MRI (dMRI)-derived structural connectivity, and resting-state fMRI-derived functional connectivity and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations.
  • To explore the evolving interplay between neuronal integrity, structural connectivity, and functional dynamics post-TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal multimodal neuroimaging analysis in individuals with complicated mild-to-severe TBI.
  • Quantification of four biomarkers: flumazenil PET binding potential, dMRI structural connectivity, fMRI functional connectivity, and fMRI amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations.
  • Correlational analysis between biomarkers at subacute (4-6 months) and chronic (1 year) stages post-injury.

Main Results:

  • Reduced flumazenil-PET binding potential in frontal and thalamic regions, with partial recovery over time.
  • Initial functional hyperconnectivity in TBI subjects that declined but remained elevated; persistent cortical structural hypoconnectivity.
  • Increased correlation between MRI modalities and flumazenil-PET at the chronic stage, suggesting convergence of disruptions.
  • Heightened intrinsic regional activity as a potential compensatory mechanism in disconnected regions.

Conclusions:

  • Multimodal neuroimaging reveals complex, dynamic changes in TBI recovery.
  • Structural and functional disruptions progressively converge over time post-TBI.
  • Compensatory mechanisms may play a role in managing progressive axonal degradation and functional decline.