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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.8K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

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Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
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Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:27

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Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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Eddy Currents01:25

Eddy Currents

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Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
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Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 29, 2026

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Evidence for Itinerant Ferromagnetic Flat Bands Producing Large Transverse Responses.

Susumu Minami1,2,3, Yangming Wang1,2, Seigo Souma4

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered itinerant ferromagnetic flat bands in GdCo5, crucial for novel electronic phenomena. These bands exhibit large transverse responses, paving the way for spintronic and thermoelectric applications.

Keywords:
Weyl semimetalangle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopyanomalous Hall effect (AHE)anomalous Nernst effect (ANE)flat bandspintronicstopological magnet

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Flat electronic bands emerge from wavefunction interference, potentially leading to novel correlated phenomena when crossing the Fermi energy (EF).
  • Previous discoveries of itinerant flat bands at EF typically involved systems without symmetry breaking.
  • Symmetry-broken systems with flat bands at EF offer unique platforms for studying novel phases and spontaneous responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and theoretically investigate the existence and properties of itinerant ferromagnetic flat bands in a stacked honeycomb-kagome lattice.
  • To explore the potential of these flat bands in driving novel electronic phenomena and responses.
  • To assess the material GdCo5 as a platform for spintronic and thermoelectric applications.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of electronic band structures.
  • Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to probe electronic states.
  • Magneto-thermoelectric measurements to characterize transport properties.

Main Results:

  • Experimental and theoretical evidence for itinerant ferromagnetic flat bands formed by spin-polarized d-electron orbitals in GdCo5.
  • Identification of multiple topological flat bands at the Fermi energy (EF) with significant Berry curvature.
  • Observation of large transverse responses, including a gigantic anomalous Nernst effect, yielding high transverse thermoelectric conductivity at room temperature.

Conclusions:

  • The discovery of itinerant ferromagnetic flat bands in GdCo5, even with broken symmetry, provides a new avenue for exploring exotic electronic phases.
  • The observed large Berry curvature and significant transverse thermoelectric effects highlight the potential of these flat bands for spintronic and thermoelectric devices.
  • This research opens up possibilities for designing and utilizing materials with engineered itinerant magnetic flat bands for advanced technological applications.