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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Ohmic Contact Fabrication Using a Focused-ion Beam Technique and Electrical Characterization for Layer Semiconductor Nanostructures
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Atom-Scale Control, Design and Transport Engineering in Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Chalcogenides for

Faizan Hassan Shah1, Abrar War1, Anfa Yousuf1

  • 1Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (2D-TMCs) offer tunable properties for advanced electronics and energy applications. This review details their synthesis, characteristics, and potential in devices, guided by theoretical modeling.

Keywords:
bandgap engineeringoptical propertiesphase stabilityphotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splittingsupercapacitorssynthesis strategiesthermoelectricstwo-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (2D-TMCs)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (2D-TMCs) are layered materials with diverse phases and strong spin-orbit coupling.
  • Their electronic and optical properties are tunable, influenced by thickness, defects, and structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the crystallographic diversity, structural characteristics, electronic features, and optical responses of 2D-TMCs.
  • To examine synthesis strategies and applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and sustainable energy.
  • To highlight the role of theoretical methods in understanding 2D-TMC properties.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of crystallographic diversity, synthesis methods (exfoliation, vapor-phase, solution-based), and applications.
  • Analysis of electronic and optical properties, considering dimensionality, defects, and heterostructuring.
  • Discussion of theoretical approaches like density functional theory (DFT) and many-body perturbation techniques.

Main Results:

  • 2D-TMCs exhibit rich phase diversity and thickness-dependent behavior.
  • Various synthesis routes offer control over morphology and scalability.
  • Significant potential in photovoltaics, water splitting, thermoelectrics, and supercapacitors.

Conclusions:

  • 2D-TMCs are promising for next-generation devices due to their tunable properties.
  • Theoretical modeling is crucial for predicting and understanding their behavior.
  • Further research is needed for seamless device-level integration.