Immune interplay between sepsis and haematological malignancies

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Haematological malignancies (HMs) cause immune dysregulation, increasing sepsis risk.
• Sepsis triggers a biphasic immune response: initial inflammation followed by prolonged immunosuppression.
• This immunosuppression can significantly affect the course of HMs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the complex interplay between HMs and sepsis.
• To examine immune alterations, dysbiosis, and experimental models in this context.
• To explore how sepsis influences HM progression and vice versa.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on reciprocal interactions between HMs and sepsis.
• Analysis of innate and adaptive immune alterations.
• Examination of malignancy-associated dysbiosis and experimental models.

Main Results:

• HMs induce immune dysregulation, heightening sepsis susceptibility.
• Sepsis causes biphasic immune responses impacting HM course.
• Sepsis-induced inflammation may drive HM progression via cytokine signaling and bone marrow changes.

Conclusions:

• Understanding HM-sepsis interactions is crucial for managing infection complications.
• These interactions may influence the natural history and progression of haematological malignancies.
• Further research can inform strategies to mitigate infection-related morbidity in HM patients.