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Paclitaxel-loaded bone acellular extracellular matrix Injectable hydrogel for osteosarcoma treatment.

He Chen1, Kaili Ye2, Chaonan Zhang3

  • 1Orthopedics Department, Wenzhou Tcm Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Journal of Drug Targeting
|April 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
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A new hydrogel system delivers paclitaxel (PTX) locally for osteosarcoma treatment. This approach enhances anti-tumor effects and survival while minimizing systemic toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma treatment faces challenges like drug resistance and systemic toxicity.
  • Paclitaxel (PTX) is a key chemotherapy drug with limitations in bioavailability and tumor recurrence.
  • Novel drug delivery systems are needed to improve localized chemotherapy efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel local chemotherapy delivery system for osteosarcoma using paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles within a bone extracellular matrix hydrogel.
  • To evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and safety of the composite hydrogel system (H@PLGA/PTX).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of paclitaxel-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (PLGA/PTX) via emulsification solvent evaporation.
  • Preparation of a temperature-responsive injectable hydrogel from decellularized bone extracellular matrix (ECM).
Keywords:
Injectable hydrogelOsteosarcomabone acellular extracellular matrixpaclitaxelpolylactic acid-co-glycolic acid

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  • Incorporation of PLGA/PTX nanoparticles into the ECM hydrogel to form the H@PLGA/PTX composite system.

    • Main Results:

    • The H@PLGA/PTX system demonstrated sustained release of PTX (62.5% in 48 hours) under mildly acidic conditions.
    • In vitro studies showed superior anti-osteosarcoma effects of H@PLGA/PTX against MG-63 cells compared to free PTX.
    • In vivo studies indicated significant tumor inhibition, stable body weight, prolonged survival, and enhanced Caspase-3-mediated apoptosis.

    Conclusions:

    • The H@PLGA/PTX composite hydrogel offers a promising strategy for localized and sustained delivery of paclitaxel for osteosarcoma.
    • This novel system effectively enhances anti-tumor activity while reducing systemic toxicity.
    • The developed hydrogel system shows potential as an adjuvant therapy for osteosarcoma.