Three-dimensional openwork structure YMn_1-xFe_xO₃ spherical nanomaterials for H₂S gas sensors with superior...

Semiconductor metal oxides (SMOs) are widely used in gas sensing and detection due to their low cost, ease of manufacture, and portability. However, single SMO for hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) detection suffers from high operating temperatures, low sensitivity, and poor selectivity. This study focused on designing multifaceted SMO materials, and three-dimensional openwork structure YMn_1-xFe_xO₃ composites were prepared using the premixed stagnation flame method. The prepared gas sensor showed high sensitivity to H₂S gas. Specifically, the YMn_0.7Fe_0.3O₃ sensor has a maximum response value of 10.55 at an optimum operating temperature of 200 °C when exposed to 30 ppm H₂S. It also demonstrated a low detection limit of 0.94 ppm and excellent selectivity, which is advantageous for long-term practical applications. The excellent sensing performance is attributed to the three-dimensional openwork structure of the material and the successful doping of Fe³⁺ into the YMnO₃ lattice. These features increase the specific surface area, which facilitates the diffusion and adsorption of H₂S gas in the sensing layer. The YMn_1-xFe_xO₃ materials provide a viable strategy for designing highly responsive and selective SMO gas sensors for detecting H₂S.