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Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a dog.
Jae-Hoon Kim1, Dae-Yong Kim2, Gye-Hyeong Woo3
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Comparative Pathology
|April 28, 2026
Summary
This study reports the first diagnosed case of ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a dog. This rare tumor presented as a mass in the ovary of a Bichon Frise.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Canine Oncology
Background:
- Ovarian tumors are uncommon in dogs.
- Leiomyosarcomas are rare malignant smooth muscle tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the first reported case of ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a canine patient.
- To characterize the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of this novel tumor type.
Main Methods:
- Gross examination and histopathological evaluation of a canine ovarian mass.
- Immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin.
Main Results:
- A 2.5 x 1.8 cm white mass replaced most of the ovary in a 7-year-old Bichon Frise.
- Tumor cells were spindle-shaped with high cellularity, indistinct borders, and cigar-shaped nuclei.
- Immunohistochemistry confirmed smooth muscle differentiation with positive staining for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin.
Conclusions:
- This case represents the first documented instance of ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a dog.
- The findings highlight the potential for leiomyosarcomas to arise in the canine ovary.
- Further research is needed to understand the incidence and behavior of this tumor in dogs.
