A telomere-to-telomere reference genome for Stemona tuberosa

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Plant Science
• Medicinal Botany

Background:

• Stemona tuberosa is a medicinally significant plant.
• A complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly for S. tuberosa was previously unavailable.

Purpose of the Study:

• To generate the first T2T genome assembly for Stemona tuberosa.
• To provide a high-quality genomic resource for future research.

Main Methods:

• Integration of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore ultra-long reads, Illumina, and Hi-C sequencing data.
• Haplotype-resolved genome assembly.
• Identification of centromeric regions and gene annotation.

Main Results:

• Two highly contiguous, haplotype-resolved genomes of S. tuberosa were assembled (803.04 Mb and 795.04 Mb).
• 100% of chromosomes were fully assembled in both haplotypes, with high contig N50 values.
• 14 centromeric regions and over 25,000 genes were identified in each haplotype.

Conclusions:

• The T2T genome assembly of S. tuberosa is a valuable reference for understanding its genetic architecture.
• This resource facilitates research on structural variations, gene function, and evolution in Stemona and related medicinal plants.