Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

31
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
31
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

753
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
753
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

820
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
820

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electrophysiological findings in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related neuromuscular events.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Expanding the clinical phenotype and understanding the biochemical consequences of Muscle Glycogen Synthase Deficiency (GSD0B).

Molecular genetics and metabolism·2025
Same author

Usefulness of serum neurofilament light chain in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2025
Same author

Usefulness of somatosensory evoked potentials for monitoring the clinical course of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Muscle & nerve·2024
Same author

Implications of starting antiepileptic treatment prior to electroencephalography in first epileptic seizures.

Neurologia·2023
Same author

Limbic encephalitis secondary to neuro-Behcet disease: an uncommon presentation.

Revista de neurologia·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

1.3K

Immune-Related Polyradiculoneuropathy Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Case Series.

A Llauradó1, E Lainez2, H Ariño3

  • 1Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Vall D'hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

Brain and Behavior
|April 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Immune-related polyradiculoneuropathy (irPRN) is a rare complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Early recognition and immunotherapy improve outcomes, and ICI rechallenge may be safe in select patients.

Keywords:
Guillain–Barré‐like syndromeclinical outcomeimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmune‐mediated neurological adverse eventsimmune‐related polyradiculoneuropathy

More Related Videos

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood
06:07

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

5.3K
Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
08:43

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

1.3K
Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood
06:07

Monitoring PD-1-Blocking Antibodies Bound to T Cells Derived from a Drop of Peripheral Blood

Published on: February 5, 2020

5.3K
Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
08:43

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause rare but severe neurological adverse events.
  • Immune-related polyradiculoneuropathy (irPRN) mimics Guillain-Barré syndrome and is a known ICI complication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation of irPRN.
  • To analyze neurophysiological findings, treatment strategies, and outcomes in irPRN patients.
  • To evaluate the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after irPRN.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective single-center study of patients diagnosed with irPRN post-ICI therapy (May 2018 - July 2024).
  • Analysis of clinical, electrophysiological, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) data.
  • Assessment of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) for functional outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Nine patients (mean age 67.9) developed irPRN, median onset 6 weeks after ICI initiation.
  • Most cases (66.7%) occurred with anti-PD-1 monotherapy; common symptoms included weakness and sensory disturbances.
  • Eight patients showed demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy on electrodiagnostics; immunotherapy improved mRS in 5/9 patients.

Conclusions:

  • IrPRN is a distinct, rare ICI complication with a demyelinating pattern and good response to immunotherapy.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for functional recovery.
  • ICI rechallenge appears feasible and safe in select irPRN patients without recurrence.