Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

14.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
14.4K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

6.9K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
6.9K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

3.7K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
3.7K
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

3.4K
Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
3.4K
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

9.6K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
9.6K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

2.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Transient Overexpression of pVHL Mediated by Adenoviral Vector Injection in Pancreatic Tissue Decreases Blood Glucose Levels in a Hypercaloric Diet-Induced Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

X chromosome inactivation, X-linked disorders, and cancer.

Frontiers in genetics·2026
Same author

Mesangial Cells (MES-SV40) Cultured in High Glucose Produce IL-36α, Which Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Bioactive metabolites from edible fungi: evaluation of antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity on human cell lines.

Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology·2026
Same author

Bcl-3 expression in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse skin.

BMC research notes·2026
Same author

Energy-Dense High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet to Induce Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in BALB/c Mice Without Genetic Modifications and Chemical Agents.

Biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production
08:22

Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production

Published on: May 31, 2020

4.7K

Do human B-1 lymphocytes truly exist?

Mónica Itzel Martínez-Gutiérrez1, Irma Cañedo-Solares2, Fernando Gómez-Chávez3

  • 1Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Frontiers in Immunology
|April 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human B-1 cells, innate-like lymphocytes, are crucial for immune homeostasis. Recent research confirms their existence and function, though some aspects remain under investigation.

Keywords:
B-1 cellshomeostasishumaninnate B cellsnatural-antibodies

More Related Videos

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
08:26

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

14.7K
Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
08:25

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Published on: January 22, 2021

17.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production
08:22

Retroviral Overexpression of CXCR4 on Murine B-1a Cells and Adoptive Transfer for Targeted B-1a Cell Migration to the Bone Marrow and IgM Production

Published on: May 31, 2020

4.7K
The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
08:26

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

14.7K
Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
08:25

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Published on: January 22, 2021

17.7K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • B-1 cells, discovered in mice, possess innate-like properties and contribute to homeostasis via natural antibody secretion.
  • Their presence in humans was long debated due to identification challenges, unlike conventional B-2 cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare human B-1 cells with their murine counterparts.
  • To discuss the identification, phenotype, function, and unresolved questions surrounding human B-1 cells.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of murine and human B-1 cell literature.
  • Review of phenotypic markers (CD19+, CD20+, CD27+, CD38low/int, CD43+) and functional characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Human B-1-like cells identified in 2011 with a specific phenotype (CD19+ CD20+ CD27+ CD38low/int CD43+).
  • These cells are found in various tissues and spontaneously secrete antibodies, similar to murine B-1 cells.
  • Differences exist, including somatic hypermutation and IgG secretion, and their role in disease is still debated.

Conclusions:

  • Human B-1 cells are increasingly accepted as counterparts to murine B-1 cells, contributing to immune homeostasis.
  • Further research is needed to clarify their tissue residency, developmental origins, and precise roles in health and disease.
  • Understanding human B-1 cells is crucial for their clinical relevance in immune-mediated conditions.