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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Primate dental function and evolution: longitudinal 3D tooth wear in wild baboons.

Ian Towle1, Luca Fiorenza1, Kristin L Krueger2

  • 1Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Evolutionary Human Sciences
|April 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Tooth wear in wild baboons progresses gradually, with molars wearing faster than premolars. This study reveals insights into dental function and wear patterns in primates, including extinct species.

Keywords:
PapioWearComparehybridizationtooth attritiontooth wear

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Area of Science:

  • Primate paleontology
  • Paleoecology
  • Mammalian dental wear

Background:

  • Tooth wear significantly impacts mammalian feeding efficiency, life history, and survival.
  • Understanding tooth wear progression in wild mammal populations is crucial but challenging.
  • Dental remains are vital for inferring diet and behavior in extinct primates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify occlusal tissue loss in wild baboon (Papio) premolars and molars over three years.
  • To analyze wear patterns in relation to age, sex, and hybrid status in baboons.
  • To establish comparative baselines for interpreting dental wear in fossil primates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution 3D analysis to measure occlusal tissue loss in baboon upper premolars and molars (P3-M3).
  • Sampled 70 wild baboons, including olive baboons (P. anubis) and olive-hamadryas hybrids (P. anubis × P. hamadryas).
  • Calculated mean wear values, visualized tissue loss, and compared wear patterns across demographic groups.

Main Results:

  • Molars exhibited faster tissue loss (0.13 mm³/mm²/year) than premolars (0.08 mm³/mm²/year).
  • Wear patterns shifted from lingual to buccal cusps with increasing age, despite no age-related increase in wear rate.
  • No significant differences in wear were observed based on sex or hybrid status, with minor exceptions in P3 wear for males.

Conclusions:

  • Gradual tooth wear demonstrates adaptive significance in maintaining dental function throughout life.
  • Findings provide a baseline for understanding dental wear in extinct primate species.
  • This research enhances our ability to interpret diet and behavior from fossil dental evidence.