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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

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Intestinal microenvironment-modulating nanomedicines for inflammatory bowel disease.

Jaehyun Choi1, Namjo Shin1, Dongun Jin1

  • 1College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|April 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanomedicine faces challenges in inflammatory bowel diseases due to the gut's restrictive environment. Novel nanocarriers are being developed to overcome these barriers by targeting biochemical and immune factors for improved drug delivery.

Keywords:
Drug deliveryGut microbiotaImmune modulationInflammatory bowel diseaseIntestinal microenvironmentNanomedicineOxidative stressUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Nanomedicine
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) create a challenging intestinal microenvironment for drug delivery.
  • Factors like inflammation, ROS, and microbial imbalance impair therapeutic transport and efficacy.
  • Existing nanocarriers struggle with payload stability and targeted delivery in IBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review nanocarrier strategies for overcoming IBD-related drug delivery challenges.
  • To explore nanomedicine approaches for modulating the IBD microenvironment.
  • To highlight advancements in microbiome-oriented and responsive nanocarriers for IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of nanocarrier designs targeting biochemical abnormalities (ROS, H2S).
  • Analysis of nanomedicine platforms for immune modulation and mucosal targeting.
  • Examination of microbiome-informed delivery strategies (engineered probiotics, postbiotics).

Main Results:

  • Nanocarriers are engineered for ROS scavenging, H2S removal, and pH responsiveness.
  • Nanomedicine platforms enhance immune regulation and payload protection.
  • Microbiome-targeted strategies leverage host-microbe interactions for sustained delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating biochemical responsiveness, immune modulation, and microbiome targeting is key for precision nanomedicine in IBD.
  • Overcoming patient variability and heterogeneity remains a challenge.
  • Further development is needed for durable mucosal retention and therapeutic efficacy.