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Asthma I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

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Update in childhood asthma.

¹Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK.

Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology

|April 29, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review emphasizes correct asthma diagnosis and management, highlighting that most children don't need biologics. It explores advances in preschool wheeze and phenotyping acute asthma attacks for personalized treatment.

Keywords:

Asthma attack Eosinophil Exhaled nitric oxide Prednisolone Preschool wheeze

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Allergy and Immunology
Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Asthma is a clinical syndrome characterized by wheeze, breathlessness, and chest tightness.
Current management focuses on symptom relief and preventing exacerbations.
Advances in understanding asthma phenotypes are crucial for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a personal selection of key areas in asthma management and recent advances.
To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and basic management principles.
To discuss the evolving role of phenotyping and biologics in asthma care.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature and clinical practice guidelines.
Discussion of recent advances in preschool wheeze and acute asthma phenotyping.
Exploration of treatment strategies, including biologics for severe asthma.

Main Results:

Most children with asthma do not require biologics; focus should be on foundational care.
Phenotype-driven treatment, particularly for preschool wheeze and non-eosinophilic asthma, shows promise.
Phenotyping acute asthma attacks is essential for tailored management, potentially reducing oral corticosteroid use.
Shifting from short-acting beta-agonists to combination inhalers is recommended.

Conclusions:

Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are paramount in asthma care.
Phenotyping asthma, especially in preschool children, is critical for personalized treatment strategies.
While biologics have a role in severe asthma, their early use for potential remission or cure warrants further investigation.