Chromosome-level genome assembly of a citrus and tea insect pest, Aphis aurantii

Aphis aurantii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a polyphagous insect pest that inflicts significant damage to diverse host plants, particularly within the Theaceae and Rutaceae, and transmits plant viruses such as citrus tristeza virus (CTV). These impacts highlight the need for genomic resources to support research on host adaptation and pest management. Here, we present the first high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of A. aurantii. The assembled genome spans 347.32 Mb with a contig N50 of 40.10 Mb, and BUSCO assessment revealed a high completeness score of 96.85%. Using Hi-C scaffolding, 340.64 Mb of the genome was anchored into four pseudochromosomes, achieving a scaffold N50 of 90.37 Mb. Additionally, we annotated 16,881 protein-coding genes. This genome provides a reference resource for future investigations of genetic variation, host plant interactions, and polyphagy in aphids.