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An Integrated Graphene-MXene Electrochemical Transistor Array Platform for Accurate Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Using
Piyali Mukherjee1, Nahid Sultana2, Ghrutanjali Sahu3,4
1Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal, India.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|April 30, 2026
Summary
A novel biosensor detects prostate cancer (PC) exosomes with high sensitivity. This technology accurately differentiates benign prostatic hyperplasia from healthy individuals and various PC grades, offering a promising diagnostic tool.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Exosomes are valuable biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis, reflecting tumor burden.
- Distinguishing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from PC and healthy controls (HC) is clinically challenging.
- Existing detection methods face limitations in sensitivity and speed for exosome analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for accurate PC diagnosis.
- To overcome Debye screening limitations for detecting large biomolecules like exosomes.
- To validate E2F5 as a specific exosomal biomarker for PC detection.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of an electrochemical field-effect transistor using porous graphene-MXene composites.
- Integration of dielectrophoresis (DEP) for in situ exosome enrichment from clinical samples.
- Utilizing synergistic interfacial effects to enhance receptor binding density and sensor sensitivity.
Main Results:
- Achieved a low detection limit of 200 exosomes/ml with a wide detection range (∼10^8 exosomes/ml).
- Demonstrated rapid detection within 30 minutes without the need for ultracentrifugation.
- Successfully differentiated BPH from HCs with 91.11% accuracy and showed comparable performance across PC grades and HCs.
Conclusions:
- The developed graphene-MXene based biosensor offers a highly sensitive and rapid platform for exosome detection.
- The integrated DEP enrichment and E2F5 biomarker enable accurate clinical diagnosis of PC.
- This technology holds significant potential for improving early detection and management of prostate cancer.
