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Low birth weight among neonates in rural areas of Indonesia: A secondary data analysis

Nelwati Nelwati1, Hema Malini1, Ferry Efendi2

  • 1Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.

Belitung Nursing Journal
|April 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Low birth weight (LBW) affects 6.65% of Indonesian neonates. First birth, twin history, inadequate antenatal care (ANC), and pregnancy complications significantly increase LBW risk in rural areas.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Public Health in Developing Countries

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is a critical global health issue linked to infant mortality and long-term developmental problems.
  • Factors influencing LBW in rural Indonesian populations are not well understood.
  • Understanding these determinants is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) in neonates from rural Indonesian settings.
  • To identify key factors associated with LBW in this specific demographic.
  • To inform strategies aimed at reducing LBW rates in similar contexts.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey.
  • Analysis included 6,701 mothers residing in rural areas, examining variables like maternal age, education, parity, ANC visits, and pregnancy complications.
  • Statistical methods included Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression to identify significant associations.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) was found to be 6.65%.
  • Significant risk factors for LBW included first birth, history of twins, fewer than four antenatal care (ANC) visits, and complications during pregnancy.
  • Specific adjusted odds ratios (AOR) highlight the magnitude of these associations (e.g., twin history AOR=27.165).

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms significant associations between LBW and factors such as first birth, twin history, insufficient antenatal care (ANC), and pregnancy complications in rural Indonesia.
  • Recommendations include enhancing the quality of ANC services and improving health education for pregnant mothers in rural areas.
  • These interventions are vital for mitigating the prevalence of LBW and improving neonatal outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Indonesiaantenatal carebirth intervallogistic modellow birth weightparity

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