Protective Effect of Saroglitazar Against Acute Lung Injury Induced by LPS in Rats

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a grave pathological syndrome correlated with high morbidity and fatality rates. This experiment investigated the prophylactic impact of saroglitazar (SAR) against acute lung injury induced through LPS injection. Prophylaxis with SAR (2 and 4 mg/kg) 2 weeks prior to LPS injection could alleviate LPS-induced ALI, as proved by the decline in lung tissue pathological injury. Total protein, LDH and TNF-α levels were also mitigated in BALF. Meanwhile, SAR attenuated LPS-related oxidative stress; it decreased MDA contents, while SOD activity and GSH contents were enhanced. Pulmonary contents of NF-κB, IFN-β, and SCG 3A2, were markedly reduced in SAR-pretreated rats. SAR exhibited a worthwhile influence against activation of canonical and non-canonical inflammasome and pyroptosis, induced by LPS, as shown through the decline in NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD, Caspase-11, and IL-1β expression and activation. This research concluded that SAR could be a promising option in prophylaxis against LPS-induced ALI.