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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

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Rigid Flexible Pillaring via Synergistic Co-Doping Stabilizes High-Capacity Sodium Layered Oxide Cathode.

Chenxi Peng1, Jun Zeng1, Zhen Yang1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 30, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a Mg/Li co-doping strategy for O3-type layered oxide cathodes. This pillaring approach enhances high-voltage performance and durability by suppressing structural degradation and enabling reversible anionic redox reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • O3-type layered oxide cathodes offer high energy density but face challenges like interlayer gliding and oxygen release at high voltages, leading to capacity fade.
  • These issues limit their practical application in high-energy-density batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy to enhance the high-voltage performance and cycling stability of O3-type layered oxide cathodes.
  • To investigate the effects of Mg/Li co-doping on the structural and electrochemical properties.

Main Methods:

  • A rigid-flexible coupled pillaring strategy using Mg/Li co-doping was employed.
  • Structural characterization and electrochemical testing (cycling performance, rate capability) were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Mg/Li co-doping effectively suppresses slab gliding and oxygen release through Mg-O pillaring and Li-O buffering.
  • The co-doped cathode exhibits a P3 solid solution structure, reducing c-axis expansion to ~1.7%.
  • It delivers over 160 mAh g⁻¹ at 4.2 V and retains 80% capacity after 500 cycles at 5C, demonstrating excellent high-voltage durability and capacity.

Conclusions:

  • The rigid-flexible coupled pillaring strategy with Mg/Li co-doping is a promising approach for developing high-voltage O3-type cathodes.
  • This method overcomes the typical trade-off between durability and capacity, showing significant commercial potential for next-generation batteries.