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Self-Management Interventions and Work Participation in Individuals with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Christian Longtin1,2,3, Lee-Ann Spence4, Quan Nha Hong5,6

  • 1School of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. christian.longtin@usherbrooke.ca.

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|April 30, 2026
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Summary

Self-management interventions for musculoskeletal disorders show varied approaches to work participation. Enhancing workplace integration could improve return-to-work outcomes for individuals with work disability.

Keywords:
Musculoskeletal disordersOccupational healthSelf-managementWork participation

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal disorders frequently lead to work disability, hindering sustainable return to work.
  • Self-management interventions are explored to aid work participation, but their specifics are unclear.
  • Understanding these interventions is crucial for improving work outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map self-management interventions for individuals with work disability due to musculoskeletal disorders.
  • To identify intervention components, delivery methods, and evaluation strategies.
  • To inform future interventions supporting work participation.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review was conducted across 10 academic databases.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on working-age individuals with musculoskeletal disorders, self-management interventions, and work participation assessment.
  • Studies were systematically screened from inception to July 2025.

Main Results:

  • 31 studies evaluated 23 distinct self-management interventions, with significant heterogeneity in components (median 10).
  • Interventions often targeted non-specific musculoskeletal disorders or low back pain, with limited work-specific content (43%).
  • Delivery was primarily in-person and individual-focused, with 43% incorporating digital health; evaluation often centered on effectiveness and return-to-work metrics.

Conclusions:

  • Considerable heterogeneity exists in self-management intervention components, delivery, and evaluation for work disability.
  • Key gaps highlight the need for more structured interventions.
  • Workplace-integrated self-management interventions show potential for enhancing work participation.