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Updated: May 1, 2026

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

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Visualizing Extracellular Dopamine Dynamics in the Retina Reveals a Biphasic Reduction During Initial Myopia

Ziheng Shu^1,2, Yaning Yu^1,2, Mengxin Liu^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Eye Health, Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

|April 30, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a new method to track retinal dopamine (DA) levels, finding a biphasic reduction during early myopia development. This suggests complex regulation, not a simple decline, in dopaminergic signaling.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Biochemistry

Background:

Extracellular dopamine (DA) is crucial for retinal signaling, but conventional assays measure only total DA.
Understanding DA dynamics is key to investigating retinal function and disease, particularly myopia development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for monitoring retinal extracellular DA concentration.
To characterize spatiotemporal changes in DA during the initial stages of myopia development.

Main Methods:

Utilized genetically encoded DA sensors in mice with a novel delivery strategy for retinal cells.
Validated sensor performance for spatiotemporal resolution, sensitivity, specificity, and safety.
Quantified extracellular DA in central and peripheral retina after 2-12 hours of form deprivation.

Main Results:

Established a reliable method for monitoring retinal extracellular DA dynamics.
Demonstrated high sensitivity, selectivity, and dynamic range of DA sensors for physiological concentrations.
Observed a significant, biphasic reduction in extracellular DA during myopia development, with distinct temporal patterns in central and peripheral retina.

Conclusions:

Developed a novel technique for visualizing and quantifying retinal extracellular DA dynamics.
The biphasic reduction in DA suggests complex regulatory mechanisms in dopaminergic deficiency during early myopia.
Challenges the notion of a simple monotonic decline in DA during myopia onset.