Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microbes and Methanogenesis01:26

Microbes and Methanogenesis

91
Methanogenesis is a critical microbial process in anaerobic ecosystems responsible for the biological production of methane, a potent greenhouse gas and valuable biofuel. This metabolic pathway is primarily facilitated by methanogenic archaea, which thrive in anoxic environments such as wetlands, sediments, and animal gastrointestinal tracts. The absence of oxygen in these habitats prevents aerobic respiration, thereby favoring alternative biochemical pathways for organic matter degradation.In...
91
Microbes and Climate Change01:27

Microbes and Climate Change

91
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
91
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

98
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
98
Microbial Interactions: Mutualism01:25

Microbial Interactions: Mutualism

80
Mutualism is a symbiotic interaction in which all participating organisms benefit. These relationships can be obligate or facultative and are fundamental to ecosystem functions across diverse biological systems.Plant–Fungi MutualismOne well-known example is the association between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi, such as Rhizophagus species. The fungal hyphae penetrate the root hairs and the epidermis, forming an extensive hyphal network that establishes a symbiotic association. Through...
80
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

1.3K
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
1.3K
Amino Acid Catabolism01:18

Amino Acid Catabolism

1.7K
Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ruminosignatures associated with methane emissions and feed efficiency across geographies and cattle breeds.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

Duodenal resident Limosilactobacillus improves feed efficiency through ornithine-mediated optimization of gut microbiota and nutrient absorption via the Nrf2 signaling.

Microbiome·2026
Same author

Effect of a spore-based Mannheimia haemolytica vaccine on immune responses and respiratory microbiota in sheep.

NPJ vaccines·2026
Same author

Differential effects of dietary protein sources on nitrogen metabolism and ileal microbiota in pigs correlated with amino acid release rates.

Journal of animal science and biotechnology·2026
Same author

Single-Crystalline High-Quality β‑Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Pseudosubstrate on Sapphire through Sputtering for Epitaxial Deposition.

ACS applied engineering materials·2026
Same author

PacBio full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing processed with Emu and GTDB provides the highest taxonomic resolution for rumen bacteriome profiling.

ISME communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals
11:02

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals

Published on: September 7, 2015

22.2K

Rumen ciliates modulate methane emissions in ruminants.

Fei Xie1,2, Chuanqi Jiang1,3, Zhipeng Li4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Rumen ciliates significantly impact methane emissions in cows. A new study reveals a unique organelle, the hydrogenobody, in ciliates that enhances methane production by promoting hydrogen availability for methanogens.

More Related Videos

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands
07:26

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Published on: January 31, 2025

971
Author Spotlight: Designing Simple and Inexpensive Techniques to Grow Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria in the Laboratory
07:31

Author Spotlight: Designing Simple and Inexpensive Techniques to Grow Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria in the Laboratory

Published on: September 6, 2024

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals
11:02

The Use of an Automated System GreenFeed to Monitor Enteric Methane and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Ruminant Animals

Published on: September 7, 2015

22.2K
Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands
07:26

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Published on: January 31, 2025

971
Author Spotlight: Designing Simple and Inexpensive Techniques to Grow Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria in the Laboratory
07:31

Author Spotlight: Designing Simple and Inexpensive Techniques to Grow Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria in the Laboratory

Published on: September 6, 2024

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Animal Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Rumen ciliates are key drivers of enteric methane emissions in ruminants.
  • The specific mechanisms by which ciliates influence methane production are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive catalog of rumen ciliate genomes.
  • To investigate the relationship between ciliate populations, methanogens, and methane emissions.
  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying ciliate-mediated methane production.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing of 450 rumen ciliate species (87% novel).
  • Quantification of methane emissions in 100 cows.
  • Analysis of 1877 rumen metagenomic and metatranscriptomic datasets.
  • Microscopic and molecular characterization of rumen ciliate organelles.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation was observed between ciliate abundance, methanogen abundance, and methane emissions.
  • A novel organelle, the hydrogenobody (HB), was identified in rumen ciliates.
  • HBs contain hydrogenases and oxygen reductases, facilitating hydrogen production and oxygen scavenging.
  • Vestibuliferida ciliates, with more HBs, showed higher hydrogen production and promoted methanogenesis more effectively than Entodiniomorphida.

Conclusions:

  • The hydrogenobody is a key ciliate-derived factor influencing rumen methanogenesis.
  • Understanding HB function offers potential targets for mitigating methane emissions from ruminants.