Multimodal network localization of brain abnormalities and neuromodulation target identification in...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Network Science

Background:

• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presents with varied brain abnormalities, but their network organization is not well understood.
• Existing research lacks a cohesive framework integrating structural, functional, and cognitive deficits in OCD at a network level.

Purpose of the Study:

• To map and characterize large-scale brain networks associated with OCD-related abnormalities.
• To investigate the network-level organization of gray matter deficits, executive dysfunction, and emotion processing impairments in OCD.
• To explore potential neuromodulation targets by linking identified networks to specific brain regions.

Main Methods:

• Coordinate-based network mapping integrating neuroimaging (voxel-based morphometry) and cognitive data.
• Analysis of peak coordinates from executive function and emotion processing studies.
• Linking identified networks to a normative resting-state functional connectome.

Main Results:

• Three distinct distributed networks were identified, correlating with gray matter abnormalities, executive dysfunction, and emotion processing deficits in OCD.
• These networks converged on the basal ganglia, with differential involvement of the salience and default mode networks.
• Neuromodulation targets like the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex showed specific network associations.

Conclusions:

• This study provides a network-level framework for understanding OCD's complex brain organization.
• Findings highlight the basal ganglia's central role and dissociable network contributions in OCD.
• The identified network-target relationships may guide the development of more precise neuromodulation interventions for OCD.