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Spirometry in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

R J Fallat, B Jewitt, M Bass

    Archives of Neurology
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pulmonary function tests, including spirometry, can detect early respiratory muscle weakness in motor neuron disease (MND) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Serial testing offers valuable prognostic insights for ALS patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Pulmonology
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Motor neuron disease (MND), predominantly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), affects respiratory function.
    • Clinical assessment alone may not detect early pulmonary impairment in ALS patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of pulmonary function tests in detecting respiratory involvement in ALS.
    • To assess the prognostic value of serial spirometry in ALS.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical evaluation and pulmonary function tests (spirometry) were conducted on 218 patients with MND/ALS.
    • Serial pulmonary function tests were performed on 103 patients, with 31 followed until death.

    Main Results:

    • Most patients exhibited reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), indicative of respiratory muscle weakness.

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  • Reductions in FVC and MVV, even down to 50%, were often missed during routine clinical evaluation.
  • Progressive declines in FVC and MVV were observed in fatal ALS cases.

    • Conclusions:

    • Spirometry is crucial for identifying early respiratory neuron involvement in ALS.
    • Serial spirometry provides significant prognostic information for patients with ALS.