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Related Concept Videos

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Facile and Efficient Preparation of Tri-component Fluorescent Glycopolymers via RAFT-controlled Polymerization
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Facile and Efficient Preparation of Tri-component Fluorescent Glycopolymers via RAFT-controlled Polymerization

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Recyclable Graft Polymer Enabled by RAFT Step-Growth Polymerization and Deconstruction.

Wenjie Mao1, Ying Meng1, Mohan Sun1

  • 1State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recyclable graft polymers are synthesized using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. This method allows for efficient deconstruction and reconstruction, enabling sustainable polymer recycling with precise architectural control.

Keywords:
RAFT step‐growth polymerizationgraft polymergrafting throughrecyclable polymer

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3D Printing and In Situ Surface Modification via Type I Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Facile and Efficient Preparation of Tri-component Fluorescent Glycopolymers via RAFT-controlled Polymerization
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3D Printing and In Situ Surface Modification via Type I Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Graft polymers offer unique properties but suffer from poor recyclability, hindering environmental sustainability.
  • Current recycling methods for graft polymers are limited and often result in material degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for synthesizing, deconstructing, and reconstructing graft polymers for enhanced recyclability.
  • To establish a circular recycling platform for graft polymers that maintains precise architectural control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized grafting-through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) step-growth polymerization.
  • Synthesized polystyrene macromonomers with trithiocarbonate (TTC) units via RAFT polymerization.
  • Employed RAFT interchange for efficient main-chain deconstruction and reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized graft polymers with uniform TTC linkages in the backbone.
  • Achieved efficient main-chain deconstruction into well-defined macromonomers under mild conditions.
  • Demonstrated high-yield deconstruction-reconstruction cycles, enabling circular recycling.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RAFT-based strategy provides a simple and effective platform for recyclable graft polymers.
  • This approach offers precise architectural control, crucial for advanced macromolecular materials.
  • Establishes new opportunities for the sustainable design and circular economy of polymers.