Association between proximity to a lead-releasing facility and cognition in diverse cohorts
Scarlet Cockell1, Kelly M Bakulski1, Ai-Lin Tsai2
1Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Background:
The associations between adult lead exposure and late-life cognition are largely unknown.
Methods:
In two cohorts, Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE, n = 1638) and Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR, n = 741), we assessed residential proximity to lead-releasing facilities for association with domain-specific cognition 2 years later. Linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, marital status, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. We meta-analyzed across cohorts.
Results:
Average age was 76.1 (KHANDLE), 68.8 years (STAR); average residential distance to a lead facility was 8.2 km (KHANDLE), 3.6 km (STAR). In meta-analysis, for every 5 km closer a residence was located to a lead-releasing facility, episodic memory scores 2 years later were -0.05 (95% confidence interval: -0.08, -0.02) standard deviation lower.
Discussion:
Residential proximity to a lead-releasing facility was associated with poorer cognition 2 years later among adults in two cohorts.
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