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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
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Sodiophilic and Electron-Insulating Interphase for Stable Solid-State Sodium Metal Batteries
Sihao Du1, Jiayun Zhang1, Ruohan Jiang1
1College of Smart Materials and Future Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 1, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a dual-component interphase (Na3Sb/NaF) for sodium superionic conductor (NASICON)-type solid-state electrolytes, significantly improving solid-state sodium battery (SSSB) performance and stability.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Solid-State Chemistry
Background:
- Sodium superionic conductor (NASICON)-type solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are promising for solid-state sodium batteries (SSSBs) due to high ionic conductivity and stability.
- Interfacial incompatibility between SSEs and sodium metal anodes causes poor contact, slow ion transport, and dendrite growth, hindering SSSB performance.
- Developing stable interfaces is crucial for advancing SSSB technology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer a dual-component interphase with sodiophilicity and electron-insulating properties.
- To enhance interfacial compatibility between NASICON-type SSEs and sodium metal anodes.
- To improve the cyclability and overall performance of solid-state sodium batteries.
Main Methods:
- Spin-coating SbF3 onto Na3.4Zn0.2Zr1.8Si2.2P0.8O12 (NZZP) electrolyte.
- Converting the SbF3 layer to a Na3Sb/NaF (NSF) composite interlayer via reaction with sodium metal.
- Fabricating Na|NSF-NZZP-NSF|Na symmetric cells and Na|NSF-NZZP-NSF|Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) full cells for electrochemical testing.
Main Results:
- The Na3Sb component enhances interfacial wettability (sodiophilicity).
- The NaF component acts as an electron insulator and suppresses dendrite growth.
- Na|NSF-NZZP-NSF|Na symmetric cells showed ultra-low interfacial resistance (4.7 Ω cm2), high critical current density (2.2 mA cm-2), and stable cycling (>2400 h).
- Solid-state full cells achieved 94.5% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 2 C.
Conclusions:
- The dual-component NSF interphase effectively resolves interfacial issues in SSSBs.
- This approach provides a simple, scalable method for fabricating stable and high-performance SSSBs.
- The developed interphase significantly prolongs battery cyclability and enhances safety.
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