Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 2, 2026
10:26
Rewiring Neuronal Circuits: A New Method for Fast Neurite Extension and Functional Neuronal Connection
Published on: June 13, 2017
8.3K
Supply chain network rewiring dynamics at the firm level
Tobias Reisch1, András Borsos1,2, Stefan Thurner1,3,4,5
1Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna A-1080, Austria.
PNAS Nexus
|May 1, 2026
Summary
Supply chain networks are dynamic, with about 25% of firms exiting and 28% entering annually. This study reveals supply link half-life is 13 months, impacting economic resilience.
Area of Science:
- Economics
- Network Science
- Sociology
Background:
- Supply chain networks (SCN) are fundamental to societal function and economic activity.
- SCNs are not static, experiencing continuous change through firm entry/exit and evolving supplier-buyer relationships.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the temporal evolution of firms and their connections within a national supply chain network.
- To develop a statistical model that replicates observed network dynamics and risk profiles.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Hungarian value-added tax data from 2014-2022, covering 711,248 companies and 38,644,400 connections.
- Reconstructed the national economy at a firm-level resolution to track changes in firms and supply links.
- Calibrated a statistical network generation model to match empirical network characteristics.
Main Results:
- Annual firm turnover: 25% exit, 28% enter.
- Supply link persistence: 55% of links change yearly, with a half-life of 13 months.
- New links preferentially attach to highly connected firms (p(i) ∝ k_i^1.08).
Conclusions:
- The study provides a detailed, firm-level view of national supply chain network dynamics.
- The developed model accurately reproduces network features and systemic risk profiles.
- Understanding these rewiring dynamics is crucial for assessing economic resilience and shock propagation.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Distribution Reliability and Automation
678
Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
678
01:24Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines
592
A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
592
01:25Multimachine Stability
698
Multimachine stability analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics and stability of power systems with multiple synchronous machines. The objective is to solve the swing equations for a network of M machines connected to an N-bus power system.
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
698
01:01Neuroplasticity
2.6K
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
2.6K
01:27Transformers in Distribution System
682
Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
682
01:26Reclosers and Fuses
685
Automatic circuit reclosers enhance the protection of distribution circuits by interrupting and auto-reclosing an AC circuit according to a preset sequence. They effectively manage temporary faults on overhead distribution lines, often caused by tree limbs or wildlife, by briefly disrupting service to improve overall reliability. However, contact with reclosers or energized broken conductors on the ground can pose serious hazards.
A comprehensive protection scheme for radial distribution...
A comprehensive protection scheme for radial distribution...
685