Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

822
The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
822
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

4.7K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
4.7K
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

3.6K
The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
3.6K
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

860
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
860
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

400
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
400
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

434
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
434

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Histological study to assess CO<sub>2</sub> laser therapy for the treatment of vaginal atrophy.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2026
Same author

Vaginal Estrogen Utilization Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause.

JAMA network open·2025
Same author

Yoga, Pilates, and the pelvic floor: an updated review of current literature.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2025
Same author

Intravesical Onabotulinum Toxin A Injection Paradigms for Idiopathic Overactive Bladder: A Scoping Review of Clinical Outcomes, Techniques, and Implications for Practice and Future Research.

Toxins·2025
Same author

Gene Therapy With URO-902 (pVAX/<i>hSlo</i>) for the Treatment of Female Patients With Overactive Bladder and Urge Urinary Incontinence: Safety and Efficacy From a Randomized Phase 2a Trial.

The Journal of urology·2024
Same author

Trends in Overactive Bladder Therapy: Associations Between Clinical Care Pathways, Practice Guidelines, and Therapy Utilization Patterns.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2024
Same journal

Shared Decision Making, Decision Aids and Patient Reported Outcome Measures for Overactive Bladder Care: A Review.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2026
Same journal

New Imaging Techniques on the Horizon to Study Overactive and Neurogenic Bladder.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2025
Same journal

Ultrasound Urodynamics: A Review of Ultrasound Imaging Techniques for Enhanced Bladder Functional Diagnostics.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2024
Same journal

Women's Knowledge of Bladder Health: What We Have Learned in the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2023
Same journal

Telemedicine in Overactive Bladder Syndrome.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2023
Same journal

Creating an Inclusive Urology Practice.

Current bladder dysfunction reports·2023
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Real-Time Void Spot Assay
06:39

Real-Time Void Spot Assay

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.7K

Health Disparities and Overactive Bladder: Bridging the Gap.

Susanna Gunamany1, Angeleque Hartt1, Rachel Kopkin1,2

  • 1Stanford School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Palo Alto, CA USA.

Current Bladder Dysfunction Reports
|May 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Overactive bladder (OAB) disproportionately affects minority and low-income women due to social and structural inequities. Addressing these disparities requires inclusive research and improved access to care for better OAB management.

Keywords:
Health disparitiesOveractive bladderSocial determinantsTreatment utilization

More Related Videos

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

1.5K
Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

21.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Real-Time Void Spot Assay
06:39

Real-Time Void Spot Assay

Published on: February 10, 2023

2.7K
Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

1.5K
Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

21.0K

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Health Equity
  • Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Overactive bladder (OAB) impacts approximately 33 million Americans.
  • Existing research often excludes diverse populations, limiting understanding of OAB in non-White and lower-income women.
  • Evidence indicates disparities in OAB prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment are linked to social and structural factors, not biological differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of social determinants, race/ethnicity, and structural inequities on the burden and treatment of overactive bladder.
  • To highlight disparities in OAB care experienced by minority and lower-income women.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies published between 2010 and 2025.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to OAB disparities, including structural barriers and socio-cultural influences.

Main Results:

  • Black, Hispanic, and lower-income women report a higher OAB burden.
  • Structural barriers (e.g., cost, insurance, access) and socio-cultural factors (e.g., stigma, mistrust, language) impede care-seeking and adherence.
  • Minority and low-income patients receive less frequent pharmacologic and minimally invasive treatments despite greater symptom severity.

Conclusions:

  • OAB disparities are driven by intersecting structural, socioeconomic, and cultural factors.
  • Achieving equity in OAB care necessitates inclusive research, culturally tailored education, and policy reform.
  • Strategies like patient navigators and community-based care can help address these inequities.