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Multidimensional Sleep Health and Cognitive Risk in Midlife Primary Care: Comparing Questionnaires.

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Poor multidimensional sleep health, identified by brief screening, is linked to cognitive impairment in midlife adults. This finding suggests sleep health assessments can identify individuals at risk for early cognitive vulnerability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology and Public Health
    • Cognitive Science and Sleep Medicine

    Background:

    • Sleep-wake disturbances are prevalent in midlife and may impact long-term brain health.
    • Primary care settings require efficient tools to detect early cognitive vulnerability associated with sleep issues.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the association between common sleep questionnaires and cognitive impairment in midlife primary care patients.
    • To identify which sleep disturbance phenotypes reliably indicate early cognitive vulnerability.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional analysis of 646 midlife adults (35-64 years) from the MidCog cohort.
    • Five sleep questionnaires evaluated distinct phenotypes: unsatisfactory sleep, short duration, OSA risk, insomnia, and poor multidimensional sleep health (RU-SATED).
    • Cognitive impairment was measured using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

    Main Results:

    • Cognitive impairment was present in 18.7% (NIHTB-CB) and 22.3% (MoCA) of participants.
    • Only poor multidimensional sleep health (RU-SATED score ≤6) showed a consistent association with cognitive impairment.
    • Adjusted odds ratios for cognitive impairment were 2.03 (NIHTB-CB) and 1.98 (MoCA) for poor multidimensional sleep health.

    Conclusions:

    • Poor multidimensional sleep health is significantly associated with cognitive impairment in midlife primary care patients.
    • Brief screening for multidimensional sleep health can identify individuals at risk for cognitive vulnerability.
    • Targeting sleep interventions based on multidimensional sleep health may promote long-term brain health.