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Stepwise Kinetics Promotion for High-Rate Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries.

Yusen Fu1, Long Jiao1, Jiajia Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, China Textile Industry Key Laboratory of High-performance Fibers Wet-laid Nonwoven Materials, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) to stabilize zinc metal anodes in aqueous batteries. NMMO enhances zinc deposition kinetics and suppresses side reactions, enabling long-lasting, high-rate performance.

Keywords:
high‐ratekinetics promotionlong‐term cyclingsolvation structurezinc metal anodes

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc batteries face challenges with zinc metal anodes, including dendrite growth and side reactions, limiting cycling stability.
  • High-rate and high-capacity operation exacerbates these issues, hindering practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for high-rate and durable zinc metal anodes by regulating Zn2+ kinetics.
  • To investigate the role of N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) in promoting zinc deposition and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic kinetic promotion process considering desolvation, bulk transfer, and deposition steps of Zn2+.
  • Experimental and computational analyses of NMMO's interaction with the Zn2+ solvation sheath and zinc surface.
  • Fabrication and testing of Zn||Zn symmetrical cells and full cells.

Main Results:

  • NMMO suppresses zinc corrosion and hydrogen evolution by capturing coordinated water without increasing desolvation barriers.
  • NMMO facilitates Zn2+ bulk transfer by reconstructing the hydrogen-bond network and creating proton-transport channels.
  • NMMO promotes selective exposure of active Zn (101) facets, enhancing Zn deposition kinetics.
  • Zn||Zn symmetrical cells demonstrated exceptional lifespan (>6100 h at 5 mA cm-2, 1300 h at 30 mA cm-2) with low overpotentials.

Conclusions:

  • The stepwise kinetics promotion process using NMMO effectively enhances the performance of zinc metal anodes.
  • NMMO-modified anodes exhibit remarkable cycling stability and durability under demanding conditions.
  • This approach offers a promising pathway for developing high-performance aqueous zinc batteries.