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Nonequilibrium Solidification Kinetics Engineer Rich Microstructures and Strong Texture in p-Type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3

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Rapidly solidifying bismuth telluride alloys creates a specific kinetic window for thermoelectric materials. This process optimizes thermoelectric performance (ZT) by controlling grain texture and interfacial defects.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Melt spinning is a common technique for producing bismuth telluride thermoelectrics.
  • The physics of rapid solidification and its impact on defect formation in these materials are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the relationship between solidification kinetics and thermoelectric properties in p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.
  • Identify processing parameters that optimize thermoelectric performance.

Main Methods:

  • Studied p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 ribbons fabricated using melt spinning at varying wheel speeds.
  • Employed atomic-scale characterization and geometric phase analysis.
  • Utilized layered directional sintering for material consolidation.

Main Results:

  • Identified a kinetic window where columnar texture and interfacial lattice distortion coexist.
  • Observed Te-enriched, Sb-depleted intergranular regions with lattice mismatch accommodated by dislocation arrays.
  • Achieved a peak thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of 1.54 at 400 K.

Conclusions:

  • Solidification kinetics directly influence interfacial defect chemistry and thermoelectric performance.
  • Optimized rapid solidification and sintering processes enhance thermoelectric materials by balancing grain structure and interfacial properties.