Wide-spectrum zoom electrowetting liquid lens with a centimeter aperture

Traditional aqueous electrowetting systems face challenges including insufficient thermal stability, electrode corrosion, and particularly low near-infrared transmittance. To overcome these constraints, ionic liquids are a revolutionary alternative with advantages, especially including high transmittance over a wide spectrum. In this study, a new filling liquid formulation named EFN series is proposed and tested in a 10-mm caliber liquid lens. The transmittance of the developed liquid formulation is greater than 92% in a wide spectrum. The manufactured wide-band zoom electrowetting liquid lens achieves a maximum zoom range of 13.93 m^-1 and a fast response of about 100 milliseconds in the range of applied voltage 0-70 V, and has clear imaging results and great zoom performance, satisfying the needs of real-time adaptive regulation.