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Updated: May 3, 2026

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging
Published on: March 31, 2022
Photoelectron Holography of a Heteronuclear Molecule
Marko Haertelt1, WenZhuo Wu2, XuanYang Lai2
1University of Ottawa, National Research Council, Joint Laboratory for Attosecond Science, of the , and the , Ottawa, 100 Sussex Drive, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
Abstract:
We present strong-field photoelectron holography measurements of hydrogen chloride (HCl) that resolve subcycle dynamics in two ionization channels associated with the HOMO and HOMO-1 orbitals. The holograms in the photoelectron momentum distributions show different cutoffs and interference fringes tied to orbital-specific ionization potentials. Furthermore, molecular-frame photoelectron holograms from oriented HCl exhibit pronounced asymmetries that arise from the interplay of the molecular dipole and the ionic Coulomb field. These findings establish strong-field photoelectron holography as a sensitive probe of subcycle electron wave packet dynamics in polar molecules.
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