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Reframing Periodontitis: A Concise Review of Shifting Paradigms and Contemporary Clinical Practice
Kodikara Mudiyanselage Chathurika Padmakumari1, Pradeep Koppolu2, Aruni Tilakaratne3
1Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
International Dental Journal
|May 1, 2026
Summary
Effective periodontitis management evolves towards personalized care, prioritizing prevention and tailored treatment strategies to combat this widespread inflammatory disease and its systemic effects.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Dental Public Health
- Inflammatory Diseases
Background:
- Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease damaging tooth-supporting structures and impacting systemic health.
- Its global public health significance necessitates updated, evidence-based management strategies due to rapid therapeutic evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the evolution of periodontitis management from historical approaches to modern, evidence-based practices.
- To highlight shifts in conceptual frameworks influencing clinical decision-making and patient care.
- To re-engineer therapeutic strategies, emphasizing prevention and personalized care to reduce disease burden.
Main Methods:
- A structured narrative literature review was performed.
- Analysis included recent clinical studies, systematic reviews, updated classification systems, and international treatment guidelines.
Main Results:
- Emerging paradigm shifts in periodontitis aetiopathogenesis, risk factors, and treatment are identified.
- Advances in diagnostics and classification enable refined, risk-informed, personalized care pathways.
- Despite advancements, high global prevalence persists, underscoring the need for enhanced preventive measures.
Conclusions:
- Current guidelines advocate for personalized periodontal care over standardized protocols.
- Future research should focus on improving diagnostic precision and validating innovative preventive strategies.
- Bridging the gap between scientific advancements and clinical practice is crucial for effective periodontitis management.
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