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Microbial Biosensors

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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing

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Published on: June 1, 2012

High-strength microneedle sensor for sensitive lactic acid and pH detection.

Zhaoxin Li¹, Dingyi Zhang¹, Shengtian Sang¹

¹MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, PR China.

Analytica Chimica Acta

|May 1, 2026

Summary

A new wearable sensor using cerium oxide-polyaniline (CeO2-PANI) detects lactic acid and pH for real-time sports monitoring. This non-invasive device helps plan exercise routines to prevent overexertion and optimize health benefits.

Keywords:

Highly sensitive detection Lactic acid detection Mechanical property Microneedle array pH values detection

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Wearable Technology

Background:

Miniaturized wearable biological sensors are vital for real-time health monitoring.
Flexible microneedle arrays offer non-invasive skin penetration for continuous physiological data collection.
Monitoring exercise intensity is crucial to balance health benefits and prevent harm from overexertion.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a portable, wearable sensor for real-time monitoring of physiological parameters during exercise.
To create a non-invasive biological sensor integrated with flexible microneedle arrays.
To enable rational planning of exercise routines based on physiological feedback.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a cerium oxide-polyaniline (CeO2-PANI) composite material.
Integration of the CeO2-PANI electrode with a flexible microneedle array (MNs array).
Photocatalytic polymerization technique for sensor construction.

Main Results:

The CeO2-PANI sensor demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, with the MN array withstanding 116.24 N stress.
Superior lactic acid detection with a wide linear range (0.01-50 mM), high sensitivity (0.179 mA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²), and low detection limit (0.75 μM).
Accurate environmental pH measurement (range 2-10) and excellent selectivity in simulated body fluids.

Conclusions:

The developed wearable biological sensor offers a non-invasive and integrated approach for health monitoring.
This technology provides a novel strategy for real-time sports monitoring devices.
Enables rational planning of exercise status and duration for optimized health outcomes.