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Updated: May 4, 2026

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Computational Protocol for Analysis of Plaque Morphology and Hemodynamics in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Computational Protocol for Analysis of Plaque Morphology and Hemodynamics in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis

Published on: August 12, 2025

Assessing the Functional Severity of Carotid Artery Stenosis Using an Image-Based Hemodynamic Modeling Method.

Yingjie Xia¹, Changpeng Wang^2,3, Xuanyu Li¹

¹Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics (MOE), Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering

|May 2, 2026

Summary

A new hemodynamic model predicts distal-to-proximal pressure ratio (dpPR) from medical images, offering a non-invasive way to assess carotid artery stenosis (CAS) severity. This method accurately estimates dpPR, crucial for understanding blood flow impacts.

Keywords:

Carotid artery stenosis Circle of Willis Distal to proximal pressure ratio Multiscale modeling

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A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

Published on: February 7, 2015

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular research
Medical imaging
Computational fluid dynamics

Background:

Distal-to-proximal pressure ratio (dpPR) is superior to diameter stenosis rate (DSR) for assessing carotid artery stenosis (CAS) functional severity.
dpPR cannot be directly measured from vascular imaging, unlike DSR.

Purpose of the Study:

Develop a hemodynamic modeling method to predict dpPR using clinically available medical images.
Enable non-invasive assessment of CAS functional severity.

Main Methods:

Employed a multiscale modeling approach integrating 3D CAS hemodynamic models with systemic hemodynamics.
Incorporated patient-specific geometry from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.
Validated the 3D model with in vitro experiments and the multiscale model with invasive pressure wire measurements.

Main Results:

Model-predicted dpPR showed strong agreement with invasive measurements (mean relative error -0.8%, SD 2.5%).
dpPR moderately correlated with DSR (r=-0.55, p=0.003).
Circle of Willis (CoW) anatomy significantly influences the dpPR-DSR relationship.

Conclusions:

Multiscale modeling based on CTA images offers a practical method for assessing CAS hemodynamic impact.
CoW anatomy is critical for understanding the relationship between dpPR and DSR in CAS.
Systemic cerebral hemodynamics are important for evaluating CAS functional severity.