Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

2.3K
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
2.3K
Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

11.8K
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
11.8K
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

782
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
782
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

7.7K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
7.7K
Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae01:29

Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae

842
The phylum Chlamydiae or Chlamydiota is composed of a single order, Chlamydiales. This phylum consists entirely of obligate intracellular parasites that infect eukaryotic hosts. While human pathogens within this group have been studied extensively, the phylum encompasses many species capable of interacting with various eukaryotic organisms. Members of Chlamydiae are typically small cocci, approximately 0.5 μm in diameter, and exhibit a distinctive developmental cycle. As is characteristic...
842
Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes01:24

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

673
The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...
673

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Aridity-related differences in soil elemental ratios reshape microbial functional traits across global biomes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Under the Cover of Darkness: A Transcriptomic Exploration of Clubroot During the Night.

Plant direct·2026
Same author

Functional restructuring of the global soil microbiome under multiple stressors.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

How carton-nest fungi of the ant <i>Lasius fuliginosus</i> interact with each other and with the root-rot fungus <i>Armillaria mellea</i>.

Mycologia·2025
Same author

Unmasking <i>Ramularia mali</i>: Phylogenetic Analysis and Degradative Impact on Apple Biopolymers.

Plant disease·2025
Same author

ParAquaSeq, a Database of Ecologically Annotated rRNA Sequences Covering Zoosporic Parasites Infecting Aquatic Primary Producers in Natural and Industrial Systems.

Molecular ecology resources·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Double Labeling Immunofluorescence using Antibodies from the Same Species to Study Host-Pathogen Interactions
07:35

Double Labeling Immunofluorescence using Antibodies from the Same Species to Study Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: July 10, 2021

6.8K

Conserved immunophilins: A unifying link across three phytomyxid pathogens.

Anagha Santhosh1, Andrea Garvetto1, Sigrid Neuhauser1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Protist
|May 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Immunophilins are vital proteins in all organisms, crucial for protein folding. This study reveals their conserved nature and function in diverse phytomyxid pathogens, aiding host adaptation and infection.

Keywords:
Brown algaeCyclophilinsPathosystemPhytomyxidsPlasmodiophorida

More Related Videos

Purification of Pathogen Vacuoles from Legionella-infected Phagocytes
09:25

Purification of Pathogen Vacuoles from Legionella-infected Phagocytes

Published on: June 19, 2012

12.0K
Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
13:54

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria

Published on: April 2, 2013

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Double Labeling Immunofluorescence using Antibodies from the Same Species to Study Host-Pathogen Interactions
07:35

Double Labeling Immunofluorescence using Antibodies from the Same Species to Study Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: July 10, 2021

6.8K
Purification of Pathogen Vacuoles from Legionella-infected Phagocytes
09:25

Purification of Pathogen Vacuoles from Legionella-infected Phagocytes

Published on: June 19, 2012

12.0K
Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
13:54

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria

Published on: April 2, 2013

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Phycology

Background:

  • Immunophilins are essential proteins involved in protein folding, found across all life forms.
  • Phytomyxea are obligate biotrophic pathogens with limited research on their immunophilins.
  • Understanding immunophilins in Phytomyxea can illuminate pathogen-host interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize immunophilins in Maullinia ectocarpii, an alga-infecting phytomyxid.
  • To compare M. ectocarpii immunophilins with those from plant-pathogenic relatives like Plasmodiophora brassicae and Spongospora subterranea.
  • To investigate the expression patterns of selected immunophilins during the M. ectocarpii life cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of protein domains.
  • Structural analysis of immunophilin proteins.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to determine evolutionary relationships.
  • Quantitative expression analysis of selected genes throughout the M. ectocarpii life cycle.

Main Results:

  • Identified and characterized immunophilins in Maullinia ectocarpii.
  • Demonstrated strong conservation of functional domains and protein structures in immunophilins across different phytomyxid lineages (algal and plant pathogens).
  • Validated the expression of selected immunophilins in M. ectocarpii across its entire life cycle.

Conclusions:

  • Immunophilins are highly conserved among phytomyxid pathogens infecting diverse hosts, suggesting fundamental roles in their biology.
  • The conserved nature of immunophilins implies a conserved role in host adaptation and infection strategies within Phytomyxea.
  • This study provides insights into pathogen-host interactions mediated by immunophilins in both plant and algal systems.