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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Space Science

    Background:

    • Mid-infrared (3-5 μm) asteroid detection faces challenges from weak targets and strong zodiacal background radiation.
    • Dynamic range mismatch is a significant issue in current detection systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a high-dynamic-range detection approach for improved asteroid detection.
    • To address and mitigate the effects of zodiacal background emission on target visibility.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a digital micromirror device (DMD) for pixel-level exposure-time modulation.
    • Employing a DIRBE-model-based prediction of zodiacal radiation and an on-orbit observation residual equation for background correction.
    • Decomposing directional radiance fields into binary mask images to drive the DMD.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated effective suppression of strong zodiacal background radiation.
    • Achieved pixel-level dynamic range extension, enhancing target visibility.
    • Improved aperture-photometry signal-to-noise ratios from undetectable to detectable levels for multiple stars.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed DMD-based method offers a feasible system solution for next-generation asteroid detection payloads.
    • Provides a practical reference for suppressing background radiation and extending dynamic range in space observation.