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    Optimizing fiber splices involves a novel coherent modal engineering approach. This method prioritizes modal coherence by deliberately exciting and controlling higher-order modes for destructive interference, challenging traditional assumptions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Fiber Optics
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • Single-mode to multimode fiber splices are crucial components in optical systems.
    • Traditional splice optimization assumes matched mode field diameters for efficiency.
    • Higher-order mode excitation during splicing can degrade signal quality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a coherent modal engineering approach for optimizing single-mode to multimode doped fiber splices.
    • To investigate the impact of splicing parameters on higher-order mode excitation.
    • To challenge the conventional assumption of matched mode field diameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic variation of arc duration during splicing.
    • Analysis of higher-order mode excitation using the S2 technique.
    • Measurement of thermally diffused refractive index profiles.

    Main Results:

    • Optimal splicing conditions do not rely on matched mode field diameters.
    • A non-adiabatic index transition in the multimode fiber excites higher-order modes (LP02).
    • Deliberate mode-field-diameter mismatch excites LP02 modes for controlled destructive interference.

    Conclusions:

    • A new paradigm for splice optimization prioritizes modal coherence and beating.
    • Controlled excitation and interference of higher-order modes enhance splice performance.
    • The approach moves beyond simple geometric matching for improved fiber optic connections.