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    We developed a new method using petal beams for better free-space optical communication through turbulence. This technique improves signal clarity and data capacity, overcoming limitations of traditional Laguerre-Gaussian modes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical communications
    • Free-space optics
    • Structured light

    Background:

    • Free-space optical (FSO) links face performance degradation due to atmospheric turbulence.
    • Conventional single Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes are susceptible to turbulence-induced signal distortion.
    • Robust methods for mode recognition and information encoding in turbulent FSO links are needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce an intensity-only correlation methodology for turbulence-resilient FSO communication.
    • To investigate the use of structured light, specifically petal beams (superpositions of LG modes), for enhanced mode recognition.
    • To demonstrate improved information encoding and transmission capabilities in turbulent FSO links.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing an intensity-only correlation technique for Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode recognition.
    • Forming petal beams by superposing LG modes with opposite helicity to enhance correlation contrast.
    • Implementing spatial multiplexing, grayscale, and color image transmission schemes.

    Main Results:

    • Petal beams show enhanced correlation contrast and reduced crosstalk compared to single LG modes in turbulence.
    • Improved recognition accuracy for modes in turbulence-limited FSO links.
    • Achieved higher channel capacities, approaching theoretical limits under weak turbulence.

    Conclusions:

    • Intensity-correlation with structured-light superpositions offers a robust framework for FSO communication.
    • Petal beams provide enhanced resilience against atmospheric turbulence.
    • The proposed method enables high-capacity, turbulence-resilient FSO communication systems.