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A Multi-Channel AM-TMAS Driving System Based on Amplitude-Modulated Sine Waves
Yiheng Shi1,2,3, Ze Li1,2,3, Ruixu Liu1,2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin 300192, China.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a 64-channel transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation (TMAS) system for non-invasive brain stimulation. The system precisely generates rhythmic electrical signals, offering a new tool for brain research and non-pharmacological therapies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Modulating brain rhythms with physical stimuli aids neural mechanism research and non-pharmacological treatments for brain disorders.
- Noninvasive, focal, low-frequency rhythmic electrical stimulation of deep-brain structures is a key goal for neuromodulation.
- Existing methods require improved hardware platforms for precise control and deep-brain targeting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and implement a multi-channel transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation (AM-TMAS) driving system.
- To provide a reliable hardware platform for noninvasive, focal, low-frequency rhythmic electrical stimulation of deep-brain structures.
- To enable precise modulation of specific brain-rhythm bands for research and therapeutic applications.
Main Methods:
- Developed a 64-channel amplitude-modulated (AM) sine wave driving system using an FPGA and high-speed DACs.
- Implemented a high-fidelity AM waveform generation method (DDS + LUT + envelope multiplication) for precise carrier and envelope frequency control.
- Tested multi-channel output performance and measured magneto-acoustic-coupled rhythmic electrical signals in physiological saline.
Main Results:
- The system achieved high-fidelity AM waveform generation with flexible carrier (100 kHz–2 MHz) and envelope (0.1 Hz–100 kHz) frequencies.
- Demonstrated excellent frequency stability (measured carrier 499.998 kHz) and high envelope fidelity (NRMSEs of 1.0795% at 8 Hz and 1.9212% at 40 Hz).
- Generated rhythmically modulated electrical responses in saline using the AM-TMAS system under a static magnetic field.
Conclusions:
- The proposed AM-TMAS driver offers high accuracy in AM waveform generation and robust multi-channel performance.
- The system can produce rhythmically modulated magneto-acoustic electrical stimulation when combined with an external static magnetic field.
- This platform serves as a practical tool for brain-function research and the development of rhythm-targeted neuromodulation therapies.
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