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Biomechanical Factors and Prevention Strategies for Sports-Related Muscle Injuries: A Narrative Review.
Catalin Ionite1, Lucian Indrei1, Andrei Gheorghiță1
1Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700454 Iasi, Romania.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Preventing sports muscle injuries involves understanding biomechanical factors like eccentric contractions and fatigue. Evidence-based strategies, including specific training and load management, effectively reduce injury rates.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Sports-related muscle injuries are a significant cause of athlete time loss and re-injury.
- Understanding the underlying biomechanical and neuromuscular mechanisms is crucial for effective prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the biomechanical and neuromuscular mechanisms contributing to muscle injuries.
- To synthesize evidence-based prevention strategies from scientific literature.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of studies published between 2010 and 2025.
- Literature search conducted in the Web of Science database using the keyword "muscle injury prevention".
Main Results:
- Muscle injuries are linked to eccentric contractions, fatigue, strength imbalances, poor lumbopelvic stability, and inadequate load management.
- Eccentric strength training, neuromuscular programs, and core stability exercises are effective in reducing injury incidence and recurrence.
Conclusions:
- Biomechanical and neuromuscular strategies are key to preventing sports muscle injuries.
- Emerging technologies like wearable sensors and machine learning offer potential for personalized injury risk prediction and prevention.
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